How to Grow White Asparagus
It prefers loose or light soils without skeleton. Prepare a trapezoidal trench 15-20 cm deep, 30 cm wide at the base, and 40-50 cm wide at the top, well-fertilized with organic matter. The optimal time for transplanting is from November to April. The crowns should be placed in a single row at the bottom of the trench, spaced 30 cm apart (3 crowns per linear meter), ensuring that the roots are spread out horizontally and immediately covered with 5 cm of soil. The distance between rows varies from 150 to 200 cm. In the first year of planting, gradually cover the trench as the vegetation grows, reaching ground level by the end of the year.
In the second year (early spring), an additional 20-30 cm of soil should be added to the asparagus bed. This will form a mound, essential for the correct growth of white asparagus, which requires a light-free environment for optimal development. To have white asparagus tips, the asparagus bed can be covered with black polyethylene. After harvesting (late spring), remove the soil mound and return the field to a horizontal level. It will be covered again the following year as soon as the first asparagus shoots appear. For summer and autumn cultivation, treat it like green asparagus (see above). White asparagus has a much more delicate and less pronounced flavor compared to green asparagus. It is highly appreciated because, having less fiber than green asparagus, it is entirely edible.
In spring, as temperatures rise, the buds begin to develop, forming shoots that emerge from the ground. When their height is satisfactory, before the tips open, the asparagus can be harvested. It is important to cut the asparagus below ground level. Harvesting usually lasts for about 60-70 days, after which it is advisable to stop harvesting to revitalize the planting. The unharvested spears grow taller, open their tips, and give rise to foliage. The aerial part, which can reach up to 1.5 m in height when mature, begins to process the useful substances absorbed from the soil. During this phase (summer), it is important to fertilize, especially with nitrogen. The foliage begins to yellow in late autumn, and when it is completely dry, it should be cut level with the ground and removed. After this operation, a generous organic fertilization is recommended, along with possible hilling to properly cover the productive cord.
